For decades, Americans have been told that the Diversity Visa Lottery is a small, symbolic program designed to promote fairness and opportunity. The reality is far different. The program has quietly become a massive immigration pipeline, importing nearly half a million migrants into the United States every decade with minimal public debate and limited scrutiny.

That scrutiny ramped up this week after it was revealed Portuguese national Claudio Manuel Neves Valente — accused of murders at Brown University and MIT — arrived in the U.S. in 2017 after being awarded a diversity visa. DHS Secretary Kristi Noem and President Donald Trump have since paused the program.

According to recent reporting, the Diversity Visa Lottery has brought in close to 500,000 people over the last ten years alone. That number rivals or exceeds many immigration programs that receive far more attention from lawmakers and the media. Unlike employment-based visas tied to specific skills or family-based visas grounded in existing relationships, this program relies primarily on random selection, with eligibility determined largely by country of origin rather than merit, skills, or assimilation potential.

The lottery is administered by the U.S. Department of State, which issues up to 55,000 visas per year through the program. Winners are selected from millions of applicants worldwide. While participants must meet basic education or work requirements, the process does not prioritize skills needed by the American economy, nor does it account for the long-term cultural or economic impact on communities already struggling under the weight of mass migration.

What makes the scale of the program even more striking is how little most Americans know about it. Border crossings, asylum claims, and refugee resettlement dominate immigration discussions, while the Diversity Visa Lottery operates largely in the background. Yet its cumulative effect is substantial, steadily reshaping the population without the consent or even the awareness of voters.

Critics argue that the program made more sense in the 1990s, when it was created to diversify immigrant flows away from countries that dominated earlier waves of legal immigration. Today, however, the United States faces unprecedented strain on housing, healthcare, education, and public safety systems. Adding tens of thousands of randomly selected migrants each year raises serious questions about national priorities and sovereignty.

The program has also drawn criticism for security concerns. While applicants are screened, the sheer volume and randomness of the lottery create vulnerabilities that would not exist in a more targeted, merit-based system. In an era of global instability, terrorism, and transnational crime, many Americans are asking why the federal government continues to rely on a decades-old framework that was never designed for today’s challenges.

President Donald Trump has repeatedly argued for a shift toward merit-based immigration and an end to programs that prioritize chance over contribution. The Diversity Visa Lottery stands as a prime example of the kind of system his supporters believe undermines American workers, weakens border security, and erodes the rule of law.

As immigration continues to dominate the national conversation, the Diversity Visa Lottery deserves far more attention than it receives, and not just because of the recent murders. Its scale is not trivial. Its impact is not theoretical. And its future should be decided openly, with honest debate about whether a random lottery aligns with the needs and values of the American people.